农村中小银行的经营效率研究——基于DEA-BCC模型和DEA-Malmquist指数模型的分析

Research on the Operating Efficiency of Small and Medium-sized Rural Banking Institutions--Analysis Based on DEA-BCC Model and DEA Malmquist Index Model

商业可持续性是普惠金融发展的重要原则,为了实现这一目标,金融机构需对其拥有的金融资源进行有效配置,提升经营和管理能力。发展普惠金融的重点在农村,而农村中小银行的高效经营是农村普惠金融可持续发展的前提。本文运用三阶段DEA-BCC模型和DEAMalmquist指数模型对我国主要的农村中小银行效率水平进行了测度和评价,并对其未来高质量发展提出了相关建议,以促进农村中小银行提升"三农"金融服务的质效。研究发现,农村中小银行的综合经营效率尚未达到最优水平,内外部治理水平较低并制约了自身发展。此外,本文将作为"边际增量"的村镇银行经营效率水平与长期深耕农村金融市场的农村商业银行经营效率水平进行了比较,并通过效率分解来分析二者效率水平的变化趋势,研究发现农村中小银行的经营效率水平存在一定分化。

Business sustainability is an important principle for the development of Inclusive Finance.In order to achieve this goal,financial institutions need to effectively allocate their financial resources and improve their operation and management ability.Rural Inclusive Finance is the focus of the development of Inclusive Finance,and the high operating efficiency of rural banking institutions is the premise of the sustainable development of rural inclusive finance business.This paper uses the three-stage DEA-BCC model and DEA Malmquist index model to measure and evaluate the efficiency level of China's small and medium-sized rural banking institutions,and puts forward relevant suggestions for their future high-quality development,in order to promote small and medium-sized rural banking institutions to improve the quality and efficiency of financial services for"agriculture,rural areas and farmers".It is found that the comprehensive operation efficiency of small and medium-sized rural banking institutions has not reached the optimal level,and the level of internal and external governance is low,which restricts their own development.In addition,this paper compares the operating efficiency level of rural banks as"marginal increment"with that of rural commercial banks deeply cultivated in the rural financial market for a long time,analyzes the change trend of their efficiency level through efficiency decomposition,and finds that there is a certain differentiation in the operating efficiency level of small and medium-sized rural banking institutions.