上海市某社区小学生近视状况及相关因素分析

The prevalence of myopic refractive error and its associated risk factors among primary school students in a community in Shanghai

【目的】了解上海市闵行区小学生近视状况及相关因素分析。【方法】选取2019年1月1日至12月31日期间参加屈光筛查的11 356名6~10岁小学生作为本次研究的对象,调查项目包括视力检查和电脑验光。【结果】6~10岁社区小学生近视检出率45.59%。女性高于男性,6~10岁检出率分别为22.88%、31.77%、47.62%、60.53%、69.84%,呈线性趋势(χ^(2)=1.31,P<0.001)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,性别、年龄、父母近视状态是社区小学生屈光近视的影响因素;出生体重、是否早产、体重指数(BMI)对社区小学生屈光近视无影响。【结论】社区儿童青少年屈光近视的检出率较高,且不同人群特征检出情况有所差异,因此需针对不同年龄段、不同学生特征儿童青少年采取综合施策优先,重点人群重点防控的多层次防控策略。

[Objective]To analyze the prevalence of myopic refractive error and its associated risk factors among primary school students in Shanghai Minhang Distict.[Methods]A total of 11 356 primary school students who participated in the children’s refraction screening project in Meilong Community,Minhang District,Shanghai from January 1 to December 31,2019 were selected for visual inspection and computer optometry[Results]The detection rate of myopic refractive error among 6-10 year-old students was 45.59%,with a higher rate in girls and older age group. The detection rates of 6-10 year-old students were 22.88%(6 year-old),31.77%(7 year-old),47.62%(8 year-old),60.53%(9 year-old)and 69.84%(10 year-old),respectively,showing a linear trend(χ^(2)=1.31,P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that myopic refractive error was statistically significantly associated with gender,age and parents’ myopic. Birth weight,preterm birth and body mass index(BMI)had no influence on refractive myopic in primary school students.[Conclusion]Myopic refractive error is still a major public health problem in primary school students. A combined strategies for myopic refractive error reduction should be called to focus on high risk persons and behaviors.