不同鲜食糯玉米品种主要农艺性状与籽粒产量的灰色关联度分析

Grey Relational Analysis of Main Agronomic Traits and Grain Yield of Different Fresh-edible Waxy Maize Varieties

为探索糯玉米主要农艺性状对籽粒产量的影响,以14个优质鲜食糯玉米为试验材料,对生育期等14个主要农艺性状和籽粒产量进行变异系数分析,并对各性状与籽粒产量进行灰色关联度分析,以期为糯玉米高产育种提供参考。结果表明:籽粒产量及各性状均有不同程度的变异,其中秃尖、轴重、穗位的变异系数较大,有较大的遗传改良潜力;各糯玉米主要农艺性状与籽粒产量的关联度大小顺序为穗重>穗长>株高>穗位高>穗行数>出籽率>轴重>行粒数>生育期>百粒重>轴粗>秃尖长>籽粒深度>穗粗。穗重、穗长、株高和穗位高是影响糯玉米籽粒产量的主要因素,其次穗行数、出籽率和轴重、行粒数等;秃尖长、籽粒深度和穗粗对鲜籽粒产量的影响较小。在鲜食糯玉米育种中,应注重对单穗鲜重、穗长的选择,注意株高等的影响,以提高糯玉米的鲜籽粒产量。

To explore the effects of main agronomic characteristics of waxy maize on grain yield,14 high-quality fresh-edible waxy maize varieties were selected,and their 14 main agronomic traits and grain yields were analyzed by using the coefficient of variation,and the relation between each trait and grain yield was analyzed by using the gray relational analysis in order to provide reference for breeding of high-yield fresh-edible waxy maize varieties.The results showed that the grain yields varied to some extents with all the agronomic traits.The coefficients of variation of barren tip,cob weight,and ear height are relatively high,indicating there is a greater potential for genetic improvement.The correlation between the main agronomic traits and grain yield of waxy maize is in the order of ear weight>ear length>plant height>ear height>number of ear rows>number of kernels per cob>cob weight>number of kernels per row>growth period>weight per hundred kernels>cob diameter>length of barren tip>kernel depth>ear diameter.Ear weight,ear length,plant height and ear height are the main factors affecting the grain yield of waxy maize,followed by the number of ear rows,number of kernels per cob,cob weight,and number of kernels per row.The length of barren tip,kernel depth and ear diameter have little effect on fresh grain yield.In the breeding of fresh waxy maize,attention should be paid to selection of ear fresh weight and ear length and the impact of plant height to improve the fresh grain yield of waxy maize.