基于OpenFOAM的导叶式离心泵数值模拟研究

Numerical simulation study of centrifugal pump with guide vanes based on OpenFOAM

针对目前有关OpenFOAM对带导叶这种特殊结构的离心泵的计算研究较少且没有形成系统性研究的现状,为了验证OpenFOAM开源软件在导叶式离心泵数值计算方面的可靠性,分别对0.6Q_(d)~1.4Q_(d)流量工况下的导叶式离心泵进行外特性试验以及稳态和瞬态的数值计算。结果表明:OpenFOAM计算得到的外特性结果贴近试验数据,最大误差在4.1%以内;叶轮内存在低压区,导叶出口处压力最大但随着流量增大而减小;小流量工况0.6Q_(d)下导叶流道内漩涡严重,随着流量增大,流场流动趋于平缓;叶轮的轴向力、径向力和压力脉动均受叶轮和导叶的干涉影响,设计工况下叶轮受力最稳定,叶片压力脉动呈周期性变化,叶片工作面的压力波动程度大于背面,反导叶处的压力脉动曲线有28个峰值。因此,OpenFOAM可以作为有效预测导叶式离心泵性能的CFD软件,研究结果对后期研究OpenFOAM软件的普适性有一定的指导意义。

In view of the current situation that there are few systematic studies on centrifugal pumps with guide vanes based on the OpenFOAM platform,in order to verify the reliability of open-source software OpenFOAM in the numerical calculation of centrifugal pump with guide vanes,the external characteristic experiments and the steady and transient simulation of the centrifugal pump with guide vanes at the flow rate of 0.6Q_(d)~1.4Q_(d) were carried out.The results show that the external characteristic results of OpenFOAM are consistent with the experimental data and the maximum deviation is within 4.1%.There exists low-pressure region in the impeller and maximum pressure is located at the outlet of the guide vanes,which decreases with the increase of flow rate.Severe vortexes appear in the guide vane passage under the small flow rate of 0.6Q_(d).As the flow rate increases,the flow field tends to be steady.Moreover,axial force,radial force and pressure fluctuation of the impeller are all affected by the interaction of the impeller and the guide vane.The impeller is the most stable under the design condition.The pressure fluctuation of the vane changes periodically and the degree of its pressure fluctuation on the blade pressure surface is greater than vane suction surface.There are 28 peaks in the pressure pulsation curve at the return guide vane.According to the research,OpenFOAM can be used as a CFD software which predicts the performance of centrifugal pump with guide vanes effectively.The research results also have certain guiding significance for the research on the universality of OpenFOAM software in the future.