蒙药材香青兰规范化种植技术研究

Stnuy on standardized planting technology of Mongolian medicine Cymbidium Mongolica

目的:研究野生香青兰引种驯化,大面积人工种植技术,解决香青兰品种混乱,野生资源匮乏等问题,提高药材质量,促进GAP规模化种植。方法:内蒙古蒙药股份有限公司在本公司种植基地进行了野生香青兰引种驯化工作。引种驯化、挑选优质种子、田间管理是人工种植的关键技术。在引种驯化过程中,挑选优质种子和确定播种时间很重要,内蒙古蒙药股份有限公司种植基地通过大量文献研究,结合当地气候条件为挑选优质种质制定了整套方案。具体是:让引种的蒙药材充分生长,经过自然条件的锻炼使植株具有充分的抗旱、抗寒、抗风、抗病虫的能力,使结出的种子饱满有活力,选择优质种子进行种植并加强田间管理。结果:本研究将采集的野生香青兰种子进行人工栽培试验,经过1个生产周期的研究,已成功收获香青兰干品药材。经公司化验室对基地收割的香青兰干品药材质量检测证实,药材符合质量标准要求,种植的药材已能够满足本公司产品的生产需要,香青兰野生变家种试验是成功的。结论:我公司人工栽培的香青兰质量指标优于野生品种,人工种植技术成熟,野生香青兰与种植香青兰的指纹图谱相似度达到90%以上。

Objective:To study the introduction and domestication of wild cymbidium cymbidium,to solve the problems such as the confusion of varieties and the lack of wild resources,to improve the quality of medicinal materials,and to promote the large-scale planting of GAP.Methods:Inner Mongolia Mongolian Medicine Co.,Ltd.introduced and domesticated wild cymbiditis orchid in our company’s planting base.Introduction and domestication,selection of high-quality seeds and field management are the key techniques of artificial planting.In the process of introduction and domestication,it is very important to select high-quality seeds and determine the sowing time.The planting base of Inner Mongolia Mongolian Medicine Co.,LTD developed a complete set of plans for selecting high-quality germplasm through a large number of literature studies and combining with local climate conditions.Specifically,the introduced Mongolian medicinal materials should be fully grown,and the plants should be fully drought-resistant,cold-resistant,wind-resistant,disease-resistant and insect-resistant after the exercise of natural conditions,so that the produced seeds are full of vitality,and high-quality seeds should be selected for planting and field management should be strengthened.Results:In this study,the wild cymbidium cymbidium seeds were collected for artificial cultivation experiment,and the dry medicinal materials of cymbidium cymbidium were successfully harvested after one production cycle.The company’s laboratory on the base of dried cymbidium cymbidium herbs quality testing confirmed that the medicinal materials meet the quality standards,the planted medicinal materials have been able to meet the production needs of the company’s products,cymbidium cymbidium wild test is successful.Conclusion:The quality index of the cultivated cymbidium cymbidium is better than that of the wild variety,and the artificial planting technology is mature.The similarity of the fingerprint between the wild cymbidium cymbidium and the cultivated cymbidium cymbidium reaches more than 90%.