壳聚糖基生物材料的应用及抗菌结构优化前景

The Application of Chitosan-based Biomaterials and the Prospect of Antibacterial Structure Optimization

壳聚糖是甲壳素通过脱乙酰基后得到的一种线性聚阳离子碱性多糖。壳聚糖具有生物相容性、生物降解、无毒、抗菌、止血等优点,广泛应用于医学、食品、水处理和水产养殖等领域。然而,壳聚糖的抗菌活性不高且在生理pH条件下溶解度低限制了其在抗菌领域中的应用。因此,对壳聚糖进行结构优化有助于提高其抗菌活性及溶解性,扩大其应用范围。本文综述了壳聚糖基生物材料的应用前景,尤其是抗菌结构优化策略,期望扩大壳聚糖的应用范围。

Chitosan is a linear polycationic basic polysaccharide obtained by deacetylating chitin. Chitosan has the advantages of biocompatibility,biodegradation, non-toxicity, antibacterial, hemostasis and so on, it is widely used in the fields of medicine, food, water treatment and aquaculture, etc.. However, the poor antibacterial activity and low solubility under physiological pH conditions, which limit its application in the field of antibacterial. Therefore, the structural optimization of chitosan will help to improve the antibacterial activity and solubility, and expand its applications. This article reviews the application prospects of chitosan-based biomaterials, especially the optimization strategies of antibacterial structure, which hopes to expand the applications of chitosan.