国外近十年教育机器人实证研究的热点、现状与启示

Hot Spots and Current Situation of 10-year Empirical Studies on Educational Robotics Abroad

[目的/意义]厘清国外近十年教育机器人实证研究的热点与现状,对于教育机器人在我国教育教学实践具有重要意义.[方法/过程]本文选取“Web of Science核心合集”数据库的53篇文献(2011—2020年),采用社会网络分析法对关键词共现矩阵进行分析,以了解该领域的研究热点.依据实证研究的核心要素,确定了研究主题、研究情境、研究方法和研究结果4个分析维度对研究现状进行分析.[结果/结论]结果表明:(1)教育机器人实证研究领域形成了以教育机器人、编程、STEAM、早期教育、小学教育、交互式学习环境为核心的研究圈.(2)教育机器人应用领域主要有STEAM教育、语言学习、社会交互3个方面.(3)教育机器人在教学中普遍作为学生学习环境和工具、教学助手;研究对象的学段大多为学龄前儿童和小学生;目前国外教育机器人开展的教学形式有通过学校开设的课程、校内的综合实践性活动、校外的有关机器人主题的拓展活动三种;长时间、多轮次的持续研究较少.(4)近十年实证研究多采用非实验方法,准实验方法和真实验方法较少.(5)教育机器人能够有效地促进学生的学业成绩、学习体验和思维与能力等方面的提高与发展.最后提出了我国教育机器人实证研究的启示.

It is of great significance to clarify the hot spots and current situation of empirical research on educational robotics in recent ten years in foreign countries.53 papers are selected from Web of Science(2011—2020).The social network analysis method is used to analyze the keyword co-occurrence matrix to understand the research hotspot in this field.Secondly,according to the core elements of empirical research,the current research situation is analyzed from the four dimensions of research topic,research context,research method and research result.The results show that:(1)The field of empirical research on educational robotics has formed a research circle with educational robotics,programming,STEAM,early childhood,Elementary education and Interactive learning environment as the core.(2)the application fields of educational robotics include STEAM education,language learning,social interaction.(3)educational robotics are generally used as learning environments and tools for students and teaching assistants in teaching;The study subjects are mostly preschool children and elementary school students.At present,there are three teaching methods of educational robotics in foreign countries:school courses,comprehensive practical activities on campus,and off-campus activities related to the theme of robot.There are few continuous studies with long duration and multiple rounds.(4)in the past ten years,empirical studies mostly adopted non-experimental methods,while quasi-experimental methods and true experimental methods were few.(5)educational robotics can effectively promote the improvement and development of students academic performance,learning experience,thinking and ability,etc.Finally,some enlightenment on the research of educational robotics in China is put forward.