从“危机”看《老残游记》中的乌托邦

To See the Utopia in The Travels of Lao Ts’ an from The Perspective of “Crisis”

《老残游记》作为晚清四大谴责小说之一,以讽刺地批判现实丑恶为特点,然而作者刘鹗在创作时回避了他心中的中国真正的危机——革命与被殖民,在文本内部以及现实层面两方面都呈现出言不由衷的沉默。在他清醒地面对现实的言论里,展现出他所想象的介于传统与现代之间的中国形象,强调地域性和国际间的平等关系。但对传统的眷念和对现实的无能为力使得清醒的认知最终屈服于乌托邦。

The Travels of Lao Ts’ an is one of the four major condemnation novels of the late Qing Dynasty,which is characterized by satirizing and criticizing the ugliness of reality.However,in fact,LIU E avoided what he thought was the real crisis in China:revolution and colonization,and presented insincere silence in both the text and the reality.In his soberly realistic remarks,he presents the image of China as he imagines it between traditional and modern,emphasizing regional and international equality.However,the attachment to the tradition and the inability to do anything about the reality make the sober cognition finally yield to utopia.