预处理技术对超滤膜污染控制的研究现状

Research on pretreatment control of membrane fouling

针对超滤膜污染问题,论述了污染物的类型与组成,分析了膜污染的原因和影响因素,探讨了混凝、氧化、吸附三种预处理工艺的效果和控制参数。分析认为:针对不同水质及膜污染类型,应基于混凝机理、氧化分解作用和吸附作用筛选预处理工艺并优化控制参数;为解决膜通量减小及膜阻力增大等关键问题,应根据原水水质条件、主要污染物的类型和超滤膜的材料性质选择预处理工艺;预处理在防止膜孔堵塞、降低滤饼层的厚度进而延长膜的使用寿命、降低能耗和生产成本等方面,具有重要意义。

In order to solve the problem of ultrafiltration membrane fouling,the types and compositions of pollutants were discussed,and the causes and influencing factors of membrane fouling were analyzed.The effects and control parameters of three pretreatment processes of coagulation,oxidation and adsorption were discussed.According to the analysis,for different water quality and membrane fouling types,the pretreatment process should be screened and the control parameters should be optimized based on the coagulation mechanism,oxidative decomposition and adsorption.In order to solve the key problems such as the decrease of membrane flux and the increase of membrane resistance,the pretreatment process should be selected according to the raw water quality conditions,the types of main pollutants and the material properties of ultrafiltration membranes.Pretreatment is of great significance in preventing the membrane pores blockage,reducing the thickness of the filter cake layer and extending the service life of the membrane,reducing energy consumption and production costs.