废弃矿山生态修复技术研究

Research on ecological restoration technology of an abandoned mine

废弃矿山会对周围的生态环境造成不良影响。对某废弃矿山的基本情况进行了简要介绍,对废弃矿山土壤的理化性质进行了详细的研究,发现土壤中绝大部分颗粒的粒径超过了1 mm,养分不充分,pH值呈碱性,且存在镉元素和铁元素污染问题。基于挂网种植技术对废弃矿山的排土场进行了生态修复,试验结果表明取得了较好的效果,排土场土壤的理化性质有了一定程度的改善,利用该项技术长时间实践,可以逐渐改善排土场的生态环境。利用不同植物分析了其对尾矿库中重金属的富集效果,发现蜈蚣草、银合欢、紫穗槐对镉元素的富集作用比较显著,蜈蚣草、鸡冠花对铁元素的富集作用非常明显。

Abandoned mines will have a negative impact on the surrounding ecological environment.This article briefly introduced the basic situation of an abandoned mine,and conducts a detailed study on the physical and chemical properties of the abandoned mine soil.It is found that most of the particles in the soil have a particle size of more than 1 mm,and the nutrients are insufficient,and the pH value is alkaline.And there are cadmium and iron pollution problems.Based on the net planting technology,the ecological restoration of the dump in the abandoned mine was carried out.The test results found that good results have been achieved.The physical and chemical properties of the soil in the dump have been improved to a certain extent.The long-term practice of this technology can be used.Gradually improve the ecological environment of the dump site.Using different plants to analyze its effect on the accumulation of heavy metals in the tailings pond,it was found that centipede grass,leucaena leucocephala,and amorpha pseudoacacia had significant effects on the enrichment of cadmium,and centipede grass and cockscomb flowers had a very significant effect on the enrichment of iron elements.