基于无人机摄影技术的矿山环境修复治理研究

Research on mine environmental treatment and restoration based on UAV photography technology

为了评估及恢复采矿后的地形,一般会进行传统的地面实地监测。然而,这些劳动密集型和耗时的测量方法通常不适用于对采矿地点的大规模土地修复工作。作为一种替代方案,使用无人机(UAV)采集的信息可用于绘制土地覆盖图,并提供在不同类型的地形的恢复效果评价。基于无人机的传感器有能力以可重复、灵活和具有成本效益的方式收集具有广泛空间覆盖的地理信息,提出了一种自动绘制土地覆盖图的方法。基于分析对象的具体特征,将矿山恢复情况分为8种类型的区域,根据与土地覆盖、地形、侵蚀和植被结构相关的一些标准,有针对性地提出各区域的植被恢复方法。

In order to evaluate and restore the terrain after mining,the traditional ground field monitoring is usually carried out.However,these labor-intensive and time-consuming measurement methods are usually not suitable for large-scale land restoration in mining sites.As an alternative,the information collected by unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)can be used to draw the land cover map and provide the evaluation of restoration effect in different types of terrain.UAV-based sensors have the ability to collect geographic information with wide spatial coverage in a repeatable,flexible and cost-effective way.A method of automatically drawing land cover map was proposed in this paper.Based on the specific characteristics of the analysis object,the mine restoration situation was divided into eight types of regions,and according to some standards related to land cover,topography,erosion and vegetation structure,the vegetation restoration methods of each region were put forward.