昭通地区肺结核发现及防治相关知识知晓情况的调查分析

Investigation and analysis of the discovery and prevention relevant knowledge awareness of tuberculosis in Zhaotong area

目的了解昭通地区民众对于发现肺结核疾病及其防治相关知识的知晓情况。方法对2020年云南省昭通地区1 120名志愿者展开数字化成像系统(DR)胸片检查及防治结核病知晓情况的问卷调研,并从中选取100名志愿者行结核菌素试验,分析DR胸片检查对肺结核的检出率及结核菌素试验情况。结果 1 120名志愿者的DR胸片检查结果显示,肺部异常阴影的检出率为1.25%(14/1 120),肺结核的检出率为0.45%(5/1 120)。结核菌素试验结果显示,阳性25例,强阳性3例。对肺结核疾病有关知识了解状况的调查结果显示,对肺结核疾病有所了解或听闻过的占比最高,为98.2%;对防治肺结核态度的调查结果显示,本人得了肺结核疾病之后,提示亲朋好友主动寻求医师检测者占比最高,为79.7%。结论昭通地区部分居民对结核病防治知识知晓率总体水平不高,健康教育及早期发现肺结核的体检是防治结核病的主要措施,要重视加强对结核病相关知识宣传教育及开展肺结核的主动发现工作。

Objective To understand the discovery of tuberculosis disease and its prevention relevant knowledge awareness of public in Zhaotong area.Methods The chest X-ray examination of digital radiography(DR) and a questionnaire survey on prevention knowledge awareness of tuberculosis in 1 120 volunteers in Zhaotong area of Yunnan province in 2020 was conducted.A total of 100 volunteers were selected to carry out tuberculin test,and the detection rate of DR chest X-ray examination for tuberculosis and tuberculin test were analyzed.Results The results of DR chest X-ray examination of1 120 volunteers showed that the detection rate of abnormal lung shadow was 1.25%(14/1 120),the detection rate of tuberculosis was 0.45%(5/1 120).The results of tuberculin test showed that 25 cases were positive and 3 cases were strongly positive.The survey results on the relevant knowledge awareness of tuberculosis disease showed that the proportion of people who knew or heard about tuberculosis disease was the highest,98.2%;the survey results on the attitude towards the prevention of tuberculosis showed that after one people got tuberculosis,the proportion of those who prompted relatives and friends to actively seek medical testing was the highest,79.7%.Conclusion The general level of prevention knowledge awareness rate of tuberculosis is not high in some residents of Zhaotong area.Health education and physical examination for early discovery of tuberculosis are the main measures to prevent tuberculosis.It is necessary to strengthen the publicity and education of tuberculosis related knowledge and carry out active discovery work of tuberculosis.