脉冲电场提取丹参脂溶性成分

Pulsed Electrical Field-Assisted Extraction of Tanshinones from Salvia Miltiorrhiza

有效成分的提取是中药制药的关键环节,传统提取方法存在效率低、耗时长的缺点,开展新的中药有效成分提取方法的研究十分必要。该文将脉冲电场(PEF)方法应用于传统中药丹参成分的提取中,以脂溶性丹参酮类化合物丹参酮ⅡA、隐丹参酮、丹参酮Ⅰ为目标提取物,分别对影响提取的主要参数电场强度、脉宽、脉冲数和液料比进行单因素实验分析。在此基础上,利用正交方法获得最优提取条件。结果显示,在10kV/cm电场强度、1500个脉冲、5.5μs、20∶1液料比、1min处理时间的条件下,与常规提取相比,PEF技术能显著提高目标产物含量(85%)并大大缩短提取时间(min)。在PEF与中等温度(50℃)协同提取条件下,不仅能克服过高的温度带来的热敏性丹参酮的降解效应,也能提高溶质向溶剂的扩散速率和提取效率。PEF高效、无污染,为提取中药成分尤其是热敏性成分提供了新思路,并展现出良好的应用前景。

The extraction of active ingredients is an essential part in the pharmacy of traditional Chinese medicine.However,traditional extraction methods have the disadvantages of low efficiency and time-consuming.It is necessary to develop new extraction methods.In this paper,a novel Pulsed Electric Field(PEF)method was applied for the extraction of liposoluble tanshinones from salvia miltiorrhiza.Main experimental parameters,including electric field strength,pulse width,pulse number and liquid-solid ratio,were studied as the fat-soluble components,and tanshinone IIA,cryptotanshinone and tanshinone I were selected and analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography(HPLC)to indicate the extraction rate.On this basis,the optimal electric parameter was selected according to the mixed-level orthogonal array design(OAD)method.The results show that under the conditions of 10 kV/cm,1500 pulses,5.5μs,L/S ratio 20∶1 and 1 min processing time,compared with the traditional extraction,PEF method can increase the tanshinone IIA extraction rate by 85%and greatly shorten the extraction time(~min).Under synergistic extraction conditions of PEF and moderate temperature(50℃),it can not only overcome the degradation effect of heat-sensitive tanshinone caused by excessively high temperature,but also improve the solute diffusion rate and extraction efficiency.PEF method has the advantage of high efficiency and environmentally-friendly,which provides a new idea for the extraction of traditional Chinese medicine,especially temperaturesensitive components,and shows good prospects for industrialization.