基于FPGA的非对称轮询控制的智能交通灯系统优化设计

Optimal design of intelligent traffic light system based on FPGA and asymmetric polling control

由于固定时长的红绿灯控制已经远远满足不了现代道路交通需求,因此提出一种基于非对称轮询模型完全服务策略的智能交通灯控制系统,用于提升路口通行效率。采用马尔可夫链与概率母函数方法进行建模分析,首次推导出完全服务策略非对称轮询模型并用于交通控制,进行仿真实验验证数学模型并根据该模型性能指标优化配时策略。针对不同的系统负载情况提出多种配时模式以适应不同交通路况,通过视频检测获取车辆到达率,应用FPGA调用MOS器件进行模块化电路系统设计,根据实时到达率情况选择配时模式计算出绿灯时间进行动态配时。在QuartusⅡ软件平台中进行仿真验证,仿真结果与理论仿真一致且符合设计要求。与其他设计方案就系统性能指标进行对比,对比结果表明文中设计系统能够进一步提升交通路口通行效率。

The traffic light control with constant duration time is far from meeting the needs of modern road traffic.Therefore,an intelligent traffic light control system based on the asymmetric polling model′ s exhausted service strategy to improve the passage efficiency of intersection traffic. The Markov chain and probability generating function method are used for modeling and analysis. An exhausted service strategy asymmetric polling model is derived for the first time and used for traffic control. The simulation experiment was performed to verify the mathematical model and optimize the timing strategy according to the model′ s performance indicators. Various timing modes are proposed to adapt to different system loads. The arrival rate of vehicles is obtained by video detection. The FPGA is used to call MOS device to design the modular circuit system. According to the real-time arrival rate,the timing mode is selected to calculate the green light duration time,so as to realize dynamic timing.The simulation verification was performed in the Quartus Ⅱ software platform. The simulation results are consistent with the theoretical simulation and meet the design requirements. The performance indicators of the proposed system are compared with those of other design schemes. The comparison results show this design can further improve the passage efficiency of traffic intersections.