铁路客运站房冬季复合气流供暖的数值模拟研究

Numerical Simulation of Coupled Airflow Heating in Railway Stations in Winter

大空间建筑冬季热风供暖易出现热气流上浮、垂直温差过大、舒适性差和能耗高等问题。为了抑制送风气流上浮,提出在原送风气流上部附加控制气流的复合气流送风方案,采用CFD数值模拟的方法对典型铁路客运站候车厅单一气流送风和复合气流送风的流场、温度场及节能性进行了分析,并进一步探讨了影响复合气流送风效果的因素。研究结果表明复合气流送风方案可将人员活动区的平均温度从16.0℃提高至18.3℃,节能率可达到22.8%,具有较好的舒适性和节能性。在一定范围内,随着控制气流送风速度或送风角度的增加,人员工作区的平均温度提升不大,而平均速度大幅增加,改变控制气流的喷口尺寸则对人员活动区热环境的影响较小。

Heating in large space buildings in winter always has problems of hot air floating,excessive vertical temperature difference,poor comfort and high energy consumption.In order to suppress the upward floating of the supply airflow,this paper proposes a coupled air supply scheme with an additional control airflow above the original supply airflow.The CFD numerical simulation method is used to study and analyze the velocity distribution,temperature distribution and energy saving of the single air supply and the coupled air supply of a typical railway station.The factors influencing the effect of coupled airflow are further analyzed.Results show that the coupled air supply scheme can increase the average temperature of the occupied zone from 16℃to18.3℃,and the energy-saving rate reaches 22.8%.The air supply scheme has better thermal comfort and energy saving.Within a certain range,when the air supply speed or angle of the control airflow increases,the average temperature of the occupied zone has not much improvement,while the air speed increases significantly.But changing the nozzle size of the control airflow has very few effect on the thermal environment of the occupied zone.