磁浮车辆辅助变流器的风机轴承振动失效分析

Vibration Failure Analysis of Fan Bearings for Auxiliary Converters of Maglev Vehicles

针对磁浮列车辅助变流器的外转子风机轴承短期内失效问题,首先开展风机装车线路运行和台架安装变频运行的振动测试和频响测试,结合外转子风机双质量振子系统的分析,揭示风机轴承过度磨损故障的原因为耦合共振,耦合共振是由风机4倍电磁激振力波及4倍电流谐波激励与其定转子同向运动轴向振动模态产生的。然后提出基于故障振动形态和实测载荷谱归纳方法的故障复现试验方案,并在振动台上成功复现故障。最后给出调整波形弹片的刚度、优化辅助变流器电源谐波电流和适当提高风机转速的整改方案。研究成果可为类似结构的故障定位、分析和复现提供理论指导。

The short-term failure of the outer rotor fan bearings of the maglev train auxiliary converter is studied.Firstly,the vibration test and frequency response test of the fan under the conditions of line operation and bench installation operation are carried out.In virtue of the analysis of the double mass vibrator system of the outer rotor fan,it is revealed that the cause of the excessive wear fault of the fan bearing is the coupling resonance,which is generated by the resonance between the quadruple electromagnetic excitation force and quadruple current harmonic excitation of the fan,and the axial vibration mode of the stator and rotor synchronous motion.Then,the test scheme of fault recurrence is proposed based on the induction method of fault vibration form and measured load spectrum,and the fault is successfully reproduced on the shaking table.Finally,the improving schemes of adjusting the stiffness of the corrugated shrapnel,optimizing the harmonic current of the auxiliary converter power supply and appropriately increasing the fan speed are given.The research results can provide a theoretical guidance for fault location,analysis and recurrence of similar structures.