尊重传统的河溪近自然水系营造:以宁波奉化大堰镇区为例

Construction of Close-to-Nature River System in Respect to the Tradition:A Case Study of Dayan Township in Fenghua City,Ningbo

以“大堰磡”为枢纽的河漫滩村镇水系营造为例,阐述了在乡村景观营造中充分挖掘当地乡土历史智慧和近自然水景营造的重要性。深入调查大堰镇历史上“大堰磡”和其它传统的河溪利用方式,并综合分析大堰镇的历史变迁、村落格局等现状和未来可持续发展需求。基于河漫滩生态蓄水原理开展河溪近自然景观营造设计,恢复历史上以“大堰磡”为枢纽的扇形网络状水系,创造人-水和谐的“水镇”景观。在河溪景观营造中,尊重传统水系生态结构,在兼顾人类活动的前提下,充分利用微地形变化,模拟河溪和传统河漫滩自然生态特征,保证河溪生态功能的发挥,营造可持续健康的河溪水系。

In order to explore the traditional indigenous intelligence and construct close-to-nature river system in rural landscape construction,this paper takes"Dayan Dam"as the hub of the water system for the floodplain villageas an example.An in-depth investigation was conducted into the history of“Dayan Dam”located in Dayan county and other conventional ways of stream utilization,based on which a thorough analysis was carried out regarding to historical transformation of Dayan county,the current state including the pattern of village layout and the future demand for sustainable development.On this basis,the design of close-to-nature stream landscape was worked out according to the principle of ecological water storage along the flood land.With the historical fan-shaped river system centered around“Dayan Dam”restored,a‘water town’landscape was also created that embodied the harmony between humans and water.Over the course of stream landscape creation,respect was shown for the traditional structure of water ecology,and adequate consideration was given to human activities.On this basis,the micro topographical changes was fully utilized to simulate the characteristics of streams and traditional ecology along the flood land,which ensured the ecological functions of streams and built a sustainable,healthy stream water system.