淋巴吻合培训动物模型的制备

An animal model for lymphaticovenular anastomosis training

目的制备一种取材方便、淋巴管染色清晰的,用于培训淋巴吻合技术的动物模型。方法采用亚甲蓝染色剂2 mL通过实验鸡的眼球注入脑组织的方法进行染色,在实验动物头颈部动静脉充血状态下处死实验动物,对实验动物头部及躯体部采用塑料袋清洁包扎后,在实验动物颈部进行干性褪毛,平置于实验操作台,沿颈部侧方切开皮肤软组织,解剖至颈动脉鞘,可见明显被染色的淋巴管,在显微镜下解剖分离淋巴管、淋巴结及周围脂肪内静脉,在20倍显微镜下行淋巴静脉端端吻合、端侧吻合、淋巴结静脉吻合培训。以2人为一组进行培训,每3组提供20只培训动物,培训周期为14~28 d,平均21 d。结果经染色后的动物模型均可在颈部实验区寻找到染色清晰的淋巴管,在其周边脂肪内可找到充盈的脂肪内静脉,可供培训人员在显微镜下反复充分进行解剖分离与吻合训练。经培训后考核,受训人员均可达到淋巴静脉吻合和淋巴结静脉吻合的高通畅率,即时通畅率达80%。结论采用本方法制备的动物培训模型,取材方便,实验经费可控,实验中淋巴管染色明显,无染色剂污染,是适合推广应用的显微淋巴管吻合技术培训动物模型。

Objective To provide an animal model of staining agreement lymphaticovenular anastomosis(LVA)for training.Methods The 2 mL methylene blue staining agent was injected into the brain tissue of experimental chicken.The experimental animals were killed in the state of hyperaemia of arteries and veins in the head and neck.After the head and body of the experimental animals were cleaned and wrapped with plastic bags,the neck region was shaved.A middle neck incision was made.After dissected to the carotid sheath position,lymphatic vessels were clearly exposed.The lymphatic vessels,lymph nodes and surrounding internal veins were dissected and separated under a microscope.End to end anastomosis,end to side anastomosis and lymph node vein anastomosis were performed under a 20-fold microscope.Each group was provided with 20 training animals.The training period lasted from 14 to 28 days,with an average of 21 days.Results In all animal models after staining,clear stained lymphatic vessels can be found in the neck experimental area,and internal fat veins can be found in the surrounding fat,which could be used for trainees to carry out repeated anatomical separation and anastomosis training under the microscope.After the training,the trainees can achieve high patency rate of lymphatic venous anastomosis and lymph node venous anastomosis,and the immediate patency rate reached 80%.Conclusion The training animal model made by this method is easy to obtain,the experimental cost is controllable,lymphatic staining is obvious in the experiment,and there is no stain contamination,so it is suitable for popularization and application of training animal model for LVA.