水平定向钻导向板钻头与三牙轮钻头在土夹砂地层中导向成孔效率的探究

Pilot drilling efficiency of deflector bit and tricone bit in horizontal directional drilling of formation with sand in soil

水平定向钻中,较软的非岩石地层(土层或土夹砂地层)穿越可使用的钻头类型较多,目前行业内使用较为普遍的是导向板钻头与三牙轮钻头。此两种钻头在钻进过程中各有所长,为了定性地探究在实际施工中的确切工作特性,将两种钻头用于实际工程施工中。以“京石邯”输气管道复线工程二标段漕河定向钻穿越工程为例,详细叙述了对照探究过程,通过对照组的控制实施得出导向效率结论,对比结论得出两种钻头各自的具体优势,可为以后相同地质条件下的定向钻穿越提供借鉴,正确高效地指导导向孔施工,也是保障管道回拖的重要前提。高质量的成孔是管道回拖成功的前提条件,是定向钻穿越成功的第一步,对于工期与成本的降低也具有重要的意义。

In horizontal directional drilling,many types of bits are available to cross soft,non-rocky formations(soil or soil with sand).Deflector bits and tricone bits are widely used in engineering,which have respective advantages in drilling.To qualitatively explore the exact working characteristics in practice,we apply these two kinds of drill bits to actual construction.Taking the 2nd block of Beijing-Shijiazhuang-Handan double-line gas transmission pipeline project,directional drilling crossing in the Caohe River area,as an example,this paper describes in detail the strict comparative exploration process and clarifies the pilot drilling efficiency by setting a control group.The comparison results reveal the respective specific advantages of deflector bits and tricone bits.This research can not only provide a reference for directional drilling crossing under the same geological conditions but also guide the correct and efficient construction of pilot boreholes.High-quality drilling is the prerequisite for pipeline pullback and the first step of successful directional drilling crossing.It is also of great significance to reduce the construction period and cost.