耐盐/嗜盐菌对PAHs的降解及分子机制研究综述

Review on Degradation and Molecular Mechanism of PAHs by Halotolerant/Halophilic Bacteria

多环芳烃(PAHs)是一种广泛存在于环境中的持久性有机污染物,具有致癌、致畸、致突变等特性。由于石油工业与含盐环境关系密切,PAHs难以在盐环境中的去除。在高盐/中高盐环境下,普通PAHs降解菌的降解效果较差,而嗜盐菌具有耐盐性的优势,故被认为是去除盐环境中多环芳烃污染的重要微生物。通过在高盐/中高盐环境下对耐盐/嗜盐菌高效降解PAHs的研究,重点对其菌属来源、降解途径及功能基因进行了综述,以期为高盐/中高盐环境下PAHs的降解提供理论和数据支撑。

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)are persistent organic pollutants widely existing in the environment,which are carcinogenic,teratogenic and mutagenic.As the close relationship of petroleum industries with saline environments,the behavior and removal of PAHs in saline environments have got much attention.However,in such environments,neutrophilic PAHs degrading bacteria showed poor degrading ability.Because of their advantages in salt tolerance,halophiles are considered to be important microbial resources for removing PAHs contamination from saline environments.Through the research of halotolerant/halophilic PAH-degrading microbes from isolation and identification,metabolic pathway,and catabolic genes(clusters)aspects to provide theoretical and data support for PAHs degradation in salt/high salt environment.