轮式装载机驾驶室减振试验与非线性建模

Vibration reduction test and nonlineal modeling of wheel loader cab

为研究装载机在露天行驶与作业时驾驶室垂直振动情况和驾驶员的舒适性,以某型额定载质量5 t装载机为试验对象,对装载机各个部位进行振动测试。通过时域、频域和驾驶员舒适性等进行初步分析,得出静止工况下,在发动机转速1400、2200 r/min时,其驾驶室振动隔振率分别为6.8、8.4 dB,隔振效果比较差,在行驶和作业工况下,座椅振动明显大于驾驶室底板的加速度,座椅振动有放大现象,座椅参数设置不合理。以实测的车架振动信号为激励,建立驾驶室-座椅-人体的非线性减振系统模型,并和实车试验对比验证,其最大误差小于10%,符合要求。研究结果可为同类驾驶室悬置和座椅悬架减振设计提供参考。

In order to study the vertical vibration of the cab and the comfort of the driver when the loader runs and works in the open-pit coal mine,a taking a certain trpe of rated load 5 t loader as the test object.Firstly,the vibration of each part of the loader is tested,and the preliminary analysis is carried out through time domain,frequency domain and driver comfort.The results show that the vibration isolation rates of the cab are 6.8 dB and 8.4 dB respectively under the static working condition when the engine speed is 1400 and 2200 r/min.The vibration isolation effect is poor.Under driving and working conditions,the seat vibration is obviously greater than the acceleration of the cab floor,and the seat vibration is amplified,and the seat parameters are unreasonable.Then,the vibration reduction system model of cab-seat-human body is established with the measured frame vibration signal as excitation,and compared with the actual vehicle test,the maximum error is less than 10%,which meets the requirements.It can provide reference for vibration reduction design of similar cab suspension and seat suspension.