王学左派对晚明艺术精神的影响论略

The Influence of the Leftism Zen of Yangming School on the Spiritual of Late Ming

中国艺术一直重视生命精神。与传统艺术所追求的指向宇宙整体的天人合一的生命精神不同,晚明艺术所追求的生命精神是指向当下个体的。晚明艺术之所以形成这样一种偏离传统美学的个体生命精神,与王学左派的濡染作用有密切关系。由于王学左派的影响,晚明性灵说阐述了一种性情并育的观点,这使得晚明艺术对"情"的态度与传统美学有所不同。而且,受王学左派"不须防检"的工夫论所启发,晚明艺术置传统法度于不顾,而一味讲求以无法为法。此外,晚明艺术的通俗转向,亦与王学左派的世俗化紧密相关。

Chinese art always attaches great importance to life spirit. The life spirit of traditional art emphasizes the unity of heaven and mankind. However,the life spirit of late Ming art emphasizes the independent individual. The individual life spirit of late Ming art has deviated from the life spirit of traditional art. With regard to its causes,it would have close relation with the influence of the leftism Zen of Yangming school. Firstly,owing to the influence of the leftism Zen of Yangming school,the late Ming’s disposition theory expounds a viewpoint that emotion and logos are compatible,which makes the late Ming Art’s attitude to disposition difference with traditional traditional aesthetics. What’s more,inspired by the theory of moral practice of the leftism Zen of Yangming school that advocates no vigilance,the late Ming Art pushes traditional statutes aside and perseveres in the idea "the highest method is no method". Besides,a transformation we could find in late Ming whose art field was popularized,which was closely connected to the leftism Zen of Yangming school.