佛陀“相好”与六朝文学作品中的女性形象审美

The Buddha’s "Good Appearance" and the Female Images Aesthetics in the Literary Works of the Six Dynasties

佛陀"相好"是佛经中对佛陀非凡形貌的描述,在佛经中具有重要地位。自汉译佛经开始以来即广泛流行,其具有的唯美化和女性化特征对六朝文学作品中的女性形象描写产生了一定的影响。六朝诗歌中的以"月"喻眉,小说《汉宫春色》中全面的"相好化"描写,以及六朝"丑妇"文学的兴起,都与"相好"有着深刻的关系。乃至一些作品中似显似隐性的用语也与"相好"有关。这种影响一方面与六朝"文学自觉""声色大开"观念同步,另一方面对古代文学中相关作品的年代断限有特殊意义。

The Buddha’s "good appearance " is a description of the Buddha’s extraordinary appearance in the Buddhist scriptures. It has an important position in the Buddhist scriptures and has been widely popular since the Chinese translation of Buddhist scriptures.Its aesthetic and feminine characteristics have a certain influence on the description of female images in the literary works of the Six Dynasties. For example,in the poems of the Six Dynasties,the "moon" is used to describe the eyebrows,the comprehensive " good appearance" description in the novel "Han Gong Chun Se",and the rise of the "ugly women" literature in the Six Dynasties,they all have a profound relationship with "good appearance ". Even the seemingly implicit terms in some works are more or less related to "good appearance ". The revealing of this influence has special significance for the age limit of related works in ancient literature.