心脏瓣膜置换术后患者自我感受负担的影响因素

Influencing factors of patients’self-perceived burden after heart valve replacement

目的分析心脏瓣膜置换术后患者自我感受负担的影响因素。方法选取2018年1月至2021年1月在江苏省人民医院收治的100例心脏瓣膜置换术后患者(心脏瓣膜病)作为研究对象,评估所有患者术后7 d时的自我感受负担[自我感受负担量表(SPBS)评分]情况,设计基线资料统计表,详细统计两组基线资料,比较不同资料特征心脏瓣膜置换术后患者SPBS评分,分析心脏瓣膜置换术后患者自我感受负担的影响因素。结果术后7 d时,100例心脏瓣膜置换术后患者SPBS评分为(29.25±5.16)分。不同家庭人均月收入、美国纽约心脏病协会分级、主要照顾者及社会支持患者SPBS评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经多元线性回归分析显示,家庭人均月收入<5000元、NYHA Ⅲ~Ⅳ级、主要照顾者为子女或其他、社会支持低下均是心脏瓣膜置换术后患者自我感受负担轻中度的影响因素(P<0.05)。回归方程如下:Y=40.338+2.742X_(1)+6.586X_(2)+6.022X_(3)+2.470X_(4),其中回归模型F=63.410,R^(2)=0.728,调整后R^(2)=0.716,P<0.001。结论心脏瓣膜置换术后患者多表现为轻中度的自我感受负担,可能与患者的家庭人均月收入、NYHA分级、主要照顾者及社会支持有关。

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of self perceived burden in patients after heart valve replacement.Methods A total of 100 patients after heart valve replacement(valvular heart disease)treated in Jiangsu Provincial Hospital from January 2018 to January 2021 were selected as the research subjects,the self perceived burden(self perceived burden scale[SPBS]score)of all patients on the 7th day after operation was evaluated,the statistical table of baseline data was designed,the baseline data of patients in the two groups were counted in detail,the SPBS scores of patients with different data characteristics after heart valve replacement were compared,the influencing factors of self perceived burden of patients after heart valve replacement were analyzed.Results On the 7th day after operation,the SPBS score of 100 patients after heart valve replacement was(29.25±5.16)points.There were statistically significant differences in family’s per capita monthly income,New York Heart Association classification,SPBS scores of main caregivers and social support patients in different families(P<0.05).Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the family’s per capita monthly income was less than 5000 yuan,NYHA Ⅲ-Ⅳ,the main caregivers were children or others,and low social support were all influential factors for the mild to moderate self-experience burden of patients after heart valve replacement(P<0.05).The regression equation was as follows:Y=40.338+2.742X_(1)+6.586X_(2)+6.022X_(3)+2.470X_(4),where the regression model F=63.410,R^(2)=0.728,after adjustment,R^(2)=0.716,P<0.001.Conclusion Most patients after heart valve replacement have mild to moderate self perceived burden,which may be related to the family’s per capita monthly income,NYHA classification,main caregivers and social support.