重大公共危机事件下四川省在校学生安全感与焦虑状况

Analysis of sense of security and anxiety of students in Sichuan Province under major public crisis

目的以新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情为例,了解四川省在校学生群体在重大公共危机事件下的安全感与焦虑状况,为疫情防控常态化阶段的心理教育与心理干预提供参考。方法于2020年6月选取四川省高校、中学及小学共7319名在校学生为研究对象,通过问卷星网络平台,采用马斯洛安全感-不安全感问卷(S-I)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)进行问卷调查。结果四川省在校学生SAS评分为(41.52±9.90)分,S-I总评分为(29.88±11.60)分;男生S-I总评分高于女生,SAS评分低于女生,差异均有统计学意义(t=5.961、-2.430,P均<0.01);不同学段的学生S-I和SAS总评分差异均有统计学意义(F=122.579、60.950,P均<0.01);S-I总评分及各维度评分与SAS评分均呈负相关(r=-0.553~-0.471,P均<0.01)。线性回归分析显示,回归模型拟合较好(调整后R2=0.274),模型具有统计学意义(F=40.802,P<0.01),情绪安全感对焦虑具有负向预测作用(β=-0.441,P<0.01)。结论重大公共危机事件下,在校学生的焦虑水平较高,安全感较低;焦虑水平与安全感均存在性别和学段的差异,安全感对焦虑水平具有负向预测作用。

Objective To take COVID-19 as an example to understand the sense of security and anxiety of students in Sichuan province under major public crisis events,and to provide references for psychological education and intervention under the situation of normalized COVID-19 prevention and control.Methods In June 2020,a total of 7319 students from colleges,middle schools and primary schools in Sichuan province were surveyed via Wenjuanxing platform by Security-Insecurity Questionnaire(S-I)and Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS).Results The SAS score of students in Sichuan province was(41.52±9.90),and the S-I score was(29.88±11.60),the S-I score of male students was higher than that of female students,and the SAS score was lower than that of female students,the differences were statistically significant(t=5.961,-2.430,P<0.01).There were significant differences in the total scores of S-I and SAS among students in different academic stages(F=122.579,60.950,P<0.01).The total score of S-I and the scores of each dimension were negatively correlated with SAS score(r=-0.553~-0.471,P<0.01).Linear regression analysis showed that the regression model fitted well(adjusted R^(2)=0.274),and the model was statistically significant(F=40.802,P<0.01).Emotional security(β=-0.441,P<0.01)was a significant negative predictor of anxiety.Conclusion Under major public crisis events,students have a high level of anxiety and a low sense of security.Anxiety and security level are significantly different regarding different genders and school levels.Security has a negative predictive effect on anxiety.