系统性护理干预在降低成人急性髓系白血病化疗期间口腔黏膜炎发生率中的应用

Application of systemic nursing intervention in reducing the incidence oforal mucositis during chemotherapy for acute myelocytic leukemia

目的:探讨系统性护理干预在降低成人急性髓系白血病(AML)患者化疗期间口腔黏膜炎发生率中的应用效果。方法:选取137例成人AML患者为研究对象,根据护理干预措施不同分为对照组(n=69)和观察组(n=68)。对照组实施常规护理干预;观察组在对照组基础上结合系统性护理干预;干预时间均为两周。比较两组患者干预前后的心理状况、临床治疗依从性、口腔黏膜炎发生情况及机体免疫功能。结果:干预两周后,观察组患者汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评分低于对照组(P<0.05);自护能力量表各项评分均高于对照组(P<0.05);临床治疗总依从率高于对照组(P<0.05);口腔黏膜炎发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:与成人AML化疗患者相比,系统性护理干预可进一步改善免疫功能,缓解其焦虑、抑郁症状,恢复自护能力,保证较高的治疗依从率,减少患者口腔黏膜炎发生。

Objective:To study the application of systemic nursing intervention in reducing the incidence of oral mucositis during chemotherapy for acute myelocytic leukemia(AML).Methods:Selected 137 adult AML patients as the research objects.According to different intervention plans,all patients were divided into control group(69 cases)and observation group(68 cases).The control group performed routine nursing intervention,and the observation group performed systemic nursing intervention on the basis of the control group,the intervention time was 2 weeks.The psychological status,clinical treatment compliance,occurrence of oral mucositis,and immune function of the two groups of patients before and after intervention were compared.Results:After 2 weeks of intervention,the Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)and Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA)scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).The each item scores of the self-care ability scale in the observation group were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05),the total compliance rate of clinical treatment in the observation group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),the incidence of oral mucositis in the observation group was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:For adult AML chemotherapy patients,systemic nursing intervention can further improve immune function,relieve their anxiety and depression symptoms,restore self-care ability,ensure a higher treatment compliance rate,and reduce the incidence of oral mucositis in patients.