新疆巴州旅游气候舒适度时空特征分析与评价

Analysis and Evaluation of Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Tourism Climate Comfort of Bayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefectrue

利用新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州(以下简称巴州)12个国家气象站点1990—2019年的气象观测数据,采用温湿指数(THI)、风效指数(K)、着衣指数(ICL)以及综合舒适指数(CCI)对该地区的旅游气候舒适度进行了分析。结果表明:巴音布鲁克适宜旅游的气候舒适期在夏季的6—8月,综合舒适指数呈单峰型,适宜期最短;南部五县(库尔勒、尉犁、轮台、若羌、且末)、北部四县(和静、和硕、焉耆、博湖)的气候舒适期主要分布在春秋两季的4—5、9月,综合舒适指数呈双峰型,但夏季北部四县气候舒适度明显高于南部五县,相比适宜旅游的舒适时间也更长;巴伦台的气候舒适期在春夏秋三季的5—9月,综合舒适指数呈平缓的单峰型,适宜期最长。由于地理位置和海拔高度的不同,巴州各地的旅游气候舒适度有较大的差异,在南北方向上差异明显。春、秋、冬季季节综合气候舒适指数随纬度的降低呈上升趋势。

Based on the meteorological observation data from 12 national meteorological stations in Bayingol Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture during 1990-2019,the temperature and humidity index(THI),wind efficiency index(K),clothing index(ICL)and the comprehensive comfort index(CCI)were used to analyze the tourism climate comfort in the region. The results show that:the climate comfort period for tourism in Bayinbulak is the shortest,between June and August in summer,and the comprehensive comfort index appeared unimodal distribution. The climate comfort period of the five southern counties(Korla,Yuli,Luntai,Ruoqiang,Qiemo)and the four northern counties(Hejing,Heshuo,Yanqi,and Bohu) is mainly in spring and autumn during April to May and September,the comprehensive comfort index presents the bimodal distribution pattern,and the climate comfort degree of northern four counties is significantly higher than that of the southern five counties in summer. And the comfortable period for tourism in the northern four counties is also longer. The climate comfort period of Baluntai is from May to September,the comprehensive comfort index presents a gentle single peak pattern,and the length of the comfortable period is the longest. Due to the different geographical location and altitude,the tourism climate comfort in Bayingol Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture is quite different,and the difference is obvious in the north and the south. The comprehensive climate comfort index shows an upward trend with the decrease of latitude in spring,autumn and winter.