碳纳米管定向排列性能强化研究进展

Research Progress on Performance Enhancement Based on Aligned Carbon Nanotubes

针对碳纳米管定向排列精度低、性能提升效果差的问题,对碳纳米管定向排列的控制方法进行了综述,总结碳纳米管定向排列在电学、力学和热学领域的应用进展。在全面回顾的基础上分析碳纳米管改善基体性能的机理,明确碳纳米管纤维桥接在基体增韧方面的作用,为碳纳米管分散性差、界面结合强度低等问题提供解决方法。通过综述发现,碳纳米管颗粒链的形成会促进碳纳米管性能的轴向拓展,对比力学和热学领域应用研究,碳纳米管在电学领域的改性应用对定向排列精度要求更高。通过对现有研究成果的客观描述及全面分析,指出传统排列方法不能成为碳纳米管精准应用的控制手段,总结出精准控制排列、三相界面结合及量产技术将成为碳纳米管研究的重点,为碳纳米管材料未来研究指明了方向。

In order to solve problems of low alignment accuracy and poor performance enhancement of carbon nanotubes,existing control methods for directional alignment of carbon nanotubes are reviewed,and application progresses of aligned carbon nanotubes in the fields of electricity,mechanics and thermology are summerized.Mechanism for improving matrix material properties of carbon nanotubes is analyzed based on the comprehensive review.The role of carbon nanotube fiber bridging in matrix toughening is clarified,which provides solutions to problems like poor dispersing performance and low interfacial combination strength of carbon nanotube.It is found that the formation of carbon nanotube particle chain promotes performance extension of carbon nanotube properties in axial direction.Compared with applications in mechanical and thermal fields,higher alignment accuracies are required in electricity for modified electrical properties of carbon nanotubes.Through an objective description and comprehensive analysis on the existing research results,it is concluded that traditional control methods cannot be applied in precise applications of carbon nanotubes.Three topics of carbon nanotube research should be focused,i.e.,precise control of directional alignment,combination of three-phase interface,and mass production technology.These results show the directions of future research of carbon nanotubes.