延河丰水期浮游生物群落分布及其与环境因子的关系

Relationship between distribution of plankton community and environmental factors in Yanhe River during wet season

为探究延河浮游生物群落分布及其与环境因子的关系,该研究于2019年7月从上游到下游采集了水质及浮游生物共286个样品。结果显示:浮游植物7门49种,其中绿藻19种占总数的39.23%,硅藻10种占40.23%,蓝藻12种占14.25%,隐藻1种占5.29%,黄藻、裸藻和甲藻7种占1%;检出浮游动物4门19种,其中原生动物9种、轮虫2种、枝角类5种和桡足类3种,分别占总数的71.85%、13.5%、9.27%和5.38%;浮游植物和浮游动物的密度分别为1.92×10^(4)~425.16×10^(4)个/L、18~8720个/L;浮游生物优势种从上游到下游,呈增多状态。多样性指数计算结果显示,延河水质为β-中、重污染。通过分析优势种与环境因子的典范对应关系,得出温度、总氮对浮游植物的群落分布影响最大。影响浮游动物群落分布的主要环境因子是总氮、总磷。

To study the distribution of plankton community in Yanhe and its relationship with environmental factors,a total of 286 samples of water quality and plankton were collected from upstream to downstream in July 2019.49 species of phytoplankton in 7 phyla were identified.19 species of green algae accounted for 39.23%,10 species of diatoms accounted for 40.23%,12 species of cyanobacteria accounted for 14.25%,1 species of cryptophytes accounted for 5.29%,and there were 7 species of Xanthellae,Euglena and Beetle accounted for 1%.A total of 19 species of zooplankton were detected in 4 phyla,including 9 protozoa,2 rotifers,5 cladocerans and 3 copepods,accounted for 71.85%,13.5%,9.27%,and 5.38%respectively.The density ranges of phytoplankton and zooplankton were 1.92×10^(4)~425.16×10^(4)/L and 18~8720/L.The dominant species of plankton were increasing from upstream to downstream.The calculation result of the diversity index showed that the water quality of Yanhe River wasβ-medium and heavily pollutied.The canonical correspondence analysis relationship between dominant species and environmental factors concluded that the temperature and total nitrogen had the greatest influence on the distribution of phytoplankton communities.The main environmental factors affected the distribution of zooplankton communities were total nitrogen and total phosphorus.