大中型水利水电工程移民创新型后期扶持方式

Innovative Late Support Mode for Migrant of Large and Medium-sized Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering

随着我国水利事业的发展及大量水电站的建设,因为水利水电工程建造产生大量的移民,因为多种原因生产生活处于困难状态,国家及各个省都出台了移民后期扶持政策,以解决移民贫困问题。传统的移民后期扶持方式包括发展种植业、培育养殖业、外出务工技能培训等,各式各样的种植业和养殖业扶持政策在实施初期尚能取得较好的效果,但仍然存在着持续性差、受产品市场波动大等缺点。从云南省近年流行的返租类、服务类后扶项目总结相关经验,提出几种新型的后期扶持方式,使移民能获得长期稳定收入,实现脱贫致富的目标。

With the development of water conservancy in China and the construction of a large number of hydropower stations,a large number of migrants have been generated.The state and various provinces have issued late support policies for migrants to solve the problem of migrant poverty.Traditional post-migration support methods include developing planting industry,cultivating aquaculture industry,training skills of migrant workers,etc.A variety of support policies for planting and aquaculture can achieve good results at the beginning of implementation,but there are still shortcomings such as poor sustainability and large fluctuations in product market.This paper summarizes the relevant experience of rent-back and service-back-up programs prevalent in Yunnan Province in recent years,and puts forward several new types of back-up support,so that the migrants can obtain long-term stable income and achieve the goal of eliminating poverty and becoming rich.