水工建筑物闸门防淤及淤积处理技术

Anti-silting and Silting Treatment Technology for Gate of Hydraulic Structure

在水利、水电工程领域,部分水工建筑物闸门在特定时段需保持关闭状态,较长的时间无法动闸,如水电工程尾水闸、泵站检修闸等,通常在施工后期需承担导截流任务,需在较长的一段时间内进行闭门挡水,以保证其它结构在干地上施工,在其他相关工程施工完成前不能动闸。往往由于闸门较长时间的固定于水下,且无法定期动闸冲砂,江(河)中的泥砂不断在闸前沉积,受泥砂侧压力的作用闸门在后期启动时提门力数倍增加,甚至常出现启动困难的现象,为此通常采用一系列的工程措施进行处理:闸门启动前采用高压水枪冲、挖砂船挖、泵吸等淤砂处理措施,处理施工难度大。以里底电站尾水闸门淤积体处理为例结合水工建筑物闸门布置、泥砂淤积的特点,对尾水出口淤积体的施工方案总结出施工方便、成本低、简单可靠标准化的施工程序。

In the field of hydraulic and Hydropower projects,some hydraulic structures need to keep their gates closed for a long time.For example,tailrace sluice and overhaul sluice of pumping station of hydropower project are usually required to undertake diversion and closure tasks in the later construction stage,and water retaining by closing doors for a longer period of time to ensure construction of other structures on dry ground and not to move sluices until construction of other related projects is completed.Because the gate is fixed underwater for a long time and can not be flushed regularly,the mud in the river deposits continuously in front of the gate,and the lifting force of the gate increases several times during late startup under the action of mud-sand side pressure,even it is often difficult to start.For this reason,a series of engineering measures are usually adopted.Before the gate is started,silt treatment measures such as high-pressure water gun scouring,sand dredging,pump suction and so on are adopted,which makes the construction difficult.Taking the silt treatment of Tailrace Gate of Lidi Hydropower Station as an example,this paper summarizes the construction procedure of tailrace outlet silt body which is convenient,low cost,simple,reliable and standardized in combination with the gate layout of hydraulic structures and the characteristics of silt deposition.