水库蓄水产生的负面影响

Negative Impact of Reservoir Impoundment

水库尤其是大中型水库的兴建在防洪、发电、灌溉、供水、航运和渔业等方面发挥了极其重要的作用。从我国水库的研究现状出发,从不同方面总结了水库蓄水产生的负面影响,主要包括工程结构,岩土结构,生态角度,诱发地震,河道和影响等方面,指出水库蓄水尤其是大型水库蓄水将会对水库周边以及下游产生较大影响,应当树立科学的观念,多维度分析利弊,并建立完善的评价、后评价体系,综合评价工程的真实效益。

The construction of reservoirs,especially large and medium-sized reservoirs,has played an extremely important role in flood control,power generation,irrigation,water supply,shipping and fishery.Starting from the research status of reservoirs in China,this paper summarizes the negative effects of reservoir impoundment in different aspects.It mainly includes engineering structure,geotechnical structure,ecological angle,induced earthquake,river channel and impact,etc.It is pointed out that reservoir water storage,especially large-scale reservoir water storage,will have a great impact on the periphery and downstream of the reservoir.We should establish a scientific concept,analyze the advantages and disadvantages from multiple dimensions,and establish a perfect evaluation and post evaluation system to evaluate the real benefits of the project.