2型糖尿病认知障碍患者的磁共振成像研究进展

Advances in magnetic resonance imaging studies in patients with cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus

2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)会导致大脑结构和功能异常,增加认知障碍的风险。但是,目前我们对T2DM认知障碍发病机理仍不清楚。而磁共振成像研究的进展进一步确定了T2DM导致认知障碍的相关神经因素。我们系统地回顾了有关T2DM患者神经影像学改变的文献,这些改变包括结构、大脑功能以及代谢物的变化。研究表明T2DM大脑的变化包括大脑结构的萎缩、白质高信号、功能连接的改变、脑微血管病变、脑血流量以及代谢物的改变。磁共振成像有望进一步阐明T2DM认知功能下降的基础,并能更好地诊断和治疗该疾病,为临床干预提供潜在的转化机会。

Type 2 diabetes mellitus causes structural and functional abnormalities in the brain and increases the risk of cognitive impairment.However,we are still unclear about the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus.However advances in magnetic resonance imaging studies have further identified the neurological factors associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus leading to cognitive impairment.We systematically reviewed the literature on neuroimaging alterations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus that include changes in structure,brain function,and metabolites.Studies have shown that changes in the type 2 diabetes mellitus brain include atrophy of brain structures,high white matter signal,altered functional connectivity,cerebral microangiopathy,cerebral blood flow,and altered metabolites.Magnetic resonance imaging promises to further elucidate the basis of cognitive decline in type 2 diabetes mellitus and enable better diagnosis and treatment of the disease,offering potential translational opportunities for clinical intervention.