多参数乳腺MRI技术的研究现状及潜力

Research status and potential of multi-parameter breast MRI

磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)是乳腺疾病诊断中必不可少的工具,尤其是乳腺功能成像在鉴别良恶性乳腺肿块中发挥重要价值。动态对比增强MRI可以提供乳腺肿瘤组织灌注等相关功能信息,提高了乳腺癌诊断的敏感度。扩散加权成像可以反映水分子的运动情况,研究表明扩散功能图如表观扩散系数、体素内不相干运动、扩散峰度成像可以有效的提高诊断特异度。此外,还有MRI新型技术参数钠成像、磷光谱成像、化学交换饱和转移成像、血氧水平依赖性MRI以及正电子发射断层扫描/MRI的混合成像等提供了特定元素含量信息。现有数据表明,使用不同的功能MRI可以提供有关癌症发展和进展的详细信息,并对乳腺癌的特异度诊断提供附加价值。本文将回顾乳腺MRI技术的当前和新兴功能参数的诊断价值。

Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)is an indispensable tool in breast imaging,especially functional breast imaging plays an important role in the identification of benign and malignant breast masses.Dynamic contrast enhancement MRI can provide breast tumor tissue perfusion and other related functional information,which improves the sensitivity of breast cancer diagnosis.Diffusion weighted imaging can reflect the movement of water molecules.Studies have shown that diffusion function maps such as apparent diffusion coefficient,intravoxel incoherent motion,and diffusion kurtosis imaging can effectively improve the diagnostic specificity.There are also new MRI technical parameters sodium imaging,phosphorus spectroscopic imaging,chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging,blood oxygen level-dependent MRI and positron emission tomography/MRI provides information on the content of specific elements.Existing data indicate that multi-parameter imaging using different functional MRI can provide detailed information about cancer development and progression and provide added value for the specific diagnosis of breast cancer.This article will review the diagnostic value of current and emerging functional parameters of breast MRI technology.