陕西凤翔雍城秦公一号大墓一号坑考古发掘简报

Preliminary Report on the Excavation of the Sacrificial Pit No.1 in the Mausoleum No.1 of Qin Dukes in Yongcheng Fengxiang,Shaanxi

2007年7~11月,陕西省考古研究院联合宝鸡市考古研究所和宝鸡先秦陵园博物馆对雍城秦公一号大墓的一号坑进行了考古发掘。经发掘,坑内出土5组木车,每组车有挽马两匹,车下有殉人(驭手)坑,出土大量殉牲和各类车马器、车马饰。一号坑位于大墓西南侧,并非秦公陵园布局的“定制”,推测为大墓建成后祭祀秦公时使用,当为祭祀坑。一号坑的发现与发掘对于进一步了解秦公陵园布局和内涵提供了新的研究资料。

From July to November 2007,the Shaanxi Academy of Archaeology,jointed Baoji Municipal Insititute of Archaeology and Pre-Qin Mausoleum Museum of Baoji conducted an excavation of the attendant pit no.1 of the mausoleum no.1 of Qin Dukes.A total of five sets of wooden chariots have been found,each of which includes two horses and sacrificial victims(horse riders)underneath the chariots.In addition,a large number of sacrificial animals and various chariot fittings were discovered.The attendant tomb is located to the southwest of the Qin Duke’s tomb.Such a spatial distribution is not a typical one in Qin mausoleums.This paper proposes that the sacrificial pit might have been used after the entombment of the occupant,probably for offering rituals to a Qin Duke.The discovery and excavation of the attendant pit no.1 provide new information for understanding the internal layout and meaning of the Qin mausoleums..