转向系统十字轴万向节传动的计算分析与匹配

Calculation Analysis and Matching of Universal Joint Drive in Steering System

十字轴万向节作为汽车转向系统的重要部件,若其结构参数未经合理匹配,会出现转向力矩不对称和波动,以及传递角度和角速度不等效等现象。通过对单十字轴万向节传动的基本特性计算,推演至双十字轴万向节式转向系统传动特性的分析中,获得其转角、角速度、力矩等传递关系和相关特性曲线。基于此,提出实现等速传动的同步匹配和等幅匹配的基本条件及转向中间位置降低灵敏性的较佳匹配方法,供转向系统工程师应用参考。

Universal joint is an important part of automobile steering system;if its structural parameters are not properly matched,the steering torque will be asymmetrical and fluctuate,and the transfer angle and angular velocity will not be equivalent.By calculating the basic characteristics of single universal joint transmission,it was deduced to the analysis of the transmission characteristics of double universal joint in automobile steering system,and the transfer relations and related characteristic curves of the rotation angle,angular velocity,torque,etc.were obtained.Based on this,the basic conditions for synchronous matching and amplitude matching of equivalent angular velocity transmission are put forward,and a better matching method for realizing the sensitivity of reducing the middle position of steering is put forward,which can be used as reference for steering system engineers.