最低工资标准与企业进口学习效应

Minimum Wage Standard and Import Learning Effect of the Enterprises

基于中国工业企业数据库和海关数据库的匹配数据,文章探究了最低工资标准对中国企业进口学习效应的影响。结果表明:最低工资标准明显促进了中国企业的进口学习效应;最低工资标准对处于衰退期企业的进口学习效应具有最大的正向促进效应,对处于初创期和成熟期企业进口学习效应的正向促进效应最小;考虑到企业的异质性特征,最低工资标准对资本品进口企业、进口来源于OECD国家的企业、一般贸易企业、私营企业和东部地区企业的进口学习效应具有更大的正向促进效应;从影响机制来看,最低工资标准通过成本效应抑制了企业的进口学习效应,但通过创新效应促进了企业的进口学习效应,且成本效应小于创新效应。

Based on the matching data of China’s industrial enterprise database and China customs database, this paper explores the impact of the minimum wage standard on the import learning effect of China’s enterprises. The results show that: the minimum wage standard significantly promotes the import learning effect of China’s enterprises;the minimum wage standard has the greatest positive promotion effect on the import learning effect of the enterprises in the recession period, and has the smallest positive promotion effect on the import learning effect of the enterprises in the start-up period and the mature period;considering the heterogeneity of the enterprises, the minimum wage standard exerts a greater positive promotion effect on the import learning effect of the enterprises importing capital goods, the enterprises importing from OECD countries, general trading enterprises, private enterprises and the enterprises in the eastern region;from the perspective of the influencing mechanism, the minimum wage standard inhibits the import learning effect of the enterprises through cost effect, but it promotes the import learning effect of the enterprises through innovation effect, and cost effect is smaller than innovation effect.