2019年-2020年山西省沙门菌耐药性及同源性研究分析

Characteristics of drug resistance and molecular typing research of Salmonella isolated in Shanxi Province from 2019 to 2020

目的了解并分析山西省沙门菌的感染及耐药情况,指导临床合理用药;同时应用PFGE分子分型技术,分析沙门菌株之间的相似度,追溯感染来源。方法对2019年—2020年分离于食源性疾病哨点医院的标本进行系统生化鉴定、血清凝集、药敏实验及PFGE分子分型。结果2019年检出90株沙门菌,检出率为6.35%,2020年检出78株沙门菌,检出率为5.95%。168株沙门菌的优势血清型为肠炎沙门菌92株,鼠伤寒沙门菌40株。沙门菌对氨苄西林的耐药率最高,其次为萘啶酸,对头孢他啶、头孢西丁及亚胺培南的耐药率较低。肠炎沙门菌分成38个PFGE型,相似度为50.1%~100%;鼠伤寒沙门菌、肯塔基沙门菌依次分为33个型和5个型,PFGE型别存在明显的遗传多样性。结论山西省沙门菌以肠炎沙门菌感染为主;多重耐药现象严重,应加强抗生素的监测与规范使用;PFGE技术适用于分析沙门菌株之间的相似度及分子溯源。

Objective To understand and analyze the infection and drug resistance of Salmonella in Shanxi Province,and to guide the rational drug use in clinic.At the same time,PFGE molecular typing was used to analyze the similarity of Salmonella strains and trace the source of infection.Methods The strains of Salmonella isolated from food-borne diseases surveillance were collected from 2019 to 2020 were analyzed by biochemical identification,serum agglutination,drug sensitivity test and PFGE molecular typing.Results Ninety strains of Salmonella were detected in 2019,with the detection rate at 6.35%,78 strains of Salmonella were detected in 2020,with the detection rate at 5.95%.The dominant serotypes of 168 strains of Salmonella were Salmonella enteritidis(92 strains)and Salmonella typhimurium(40 strains).The drug resistance rate of Salmonella to ampicillin was the highest,followed by the resistance rate to nalidixic acid,drug ceftazidime,cefoxitin and imipenem.Salmonella enteritidis were divided into 38 PFGE types,and the similarity was 50.1%-100%.Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella Kentucky were classified into 33 types and 5 types respectively.There was significant genetic diversity in PFGE type.Conclusion Salmonella enteritidis are the predominant pathogens causing human Salmonella infections in Shanxi Province,the multi-drug resistance is serious,so the monitoring of antibiotics should be strengthened and the use of antibiotics should be regulated.PFGE molecular typing is suitable for analyzing the similarity between Salmonella strains and molecular tracing.