符号与象征:庄河正月十五“点属”的仪式解读

Symbols and Representations:Ritualistic Interpretation of Dianshu on the Lantern Festival in Zhuanghe City

“点属”意为“点燃属相灯”,是辽宁庄河在正月十五进行的特色民俗活动。其起源于胶东地区,随闯关东移民进入辽东,并在庄河得以保存发展。以符号人类学的视角观之,“点属”实际上可视为一种仪式。该仪式可为四个部分——制作、放置、点燃和预兆观察。在每一部分中,都有大量的符号应用,其中的核心符号即为属相灯。正是通过这些符号对不同意义的联合象征,“点属”仪式表达了民众对生活顺遂平安的祈愿。但随着现代化的发展,“点属”仪式的象征性也面临着冲击和崩解的风险。

Dianshu means lighting lanterns of Chinese zodiacs.It is a traditional folk custom which happens on the Lantern Festival in Zhuanghe city,Liaoning Province.The Custom sprang from the Shandong Peninsular and spread into Zhuanghe by immigrants.Thus,Dianshu preserves the memory of migration.In the view of symbolic anthropology,Dianshu can be regarded as a ritual,which is divided into four parts,making,placing,lighting and augury-observing.In each part,there are many symbols which are applied,such as Chinese zodiacs lanterns,candles,flames and so on.Through the joint representation of various meanings by these symbols,Dianshu expresses ordinary people’s wishes towards a happier life.But with the development of modernity,the representative meanings of Dianshu face an increasingly serious risk.