小型试验土槽的设计和研究

Design and Research of Small Test Soil Bin

针对田间试验容易受到时间、天气、土壤条件和地面平整度条件的影响,提出一种新型的小型试验土槽,为马铃薯等根茎类收获机械的挖掘装置试验研究提供工具。小型试验土槽的核心部件为挖掘测试机构,试验的主要对象为多铲类根茎收获机的挖掘铲,主要测试挖掘铲的材料、磨损程度、安装角度以及受力情况等。使用ANSYS Workbench对挖掘铲进行静力学分析。结果表明,在挖掘过程中,挖掘铲变形最大的位置为铲尖,在应力形变和弹性形变分析中,最大形变均发生在挖掘铲中部两个安装孔位置。因此挖掘铲材料选用65Mn,强度较高,具有一定的柔韧性和可塑性,对挖掘铲刃口需要热处理,提高其强度及耐磨性。

Field experiment is easily affected by time,weather,soil conditions and ground flatness.Design a new type of small test soil bin,which provides a tool for experimental research of potato digging device and other rhizome harvesters.The key component of the small test soil bin is the dig test mechanism.The main object of the test is the dig blade of the multi-dig-blade rhizome harvester,which mainly tests the material,wear degree,installation angle and stress of the blade.The static analysis of the blade with ANSYS Workbench is found that the biggest deformation of the blade is at the tip.In the analysis of stress deformation and elastic deformation,the biggest deformation occurs at the two installation holes in the middle of the blade.Therefore,65Mn is selected as the material of digging blade,which has high strength,certain flexibility and plasticity.The edge of digging blade needs heat treatment to improve its strength and wear resistance.