预防感冒专利中药复方的用药规律探讨

Discussion on the Medication Rules of Patent Chinese Herbal Compound Prescription for Preventing Cold

【目的】探讨预防感冒专利中药复方的用药规律。【方法】收集整理国家专利数据库中关于预防感冒的中药复方,录入Microsoft Excel及中医传承辅助平台(V2.5),统计药物频次,对药物组合和药物关联规则进行分析,提取内在核心组合和新方。【结果】共录入68首处方,涉及232味中药。其中用药频次较高的有甘草、金银花、黄芪、白术、防风、茯苓、板蓝根等;常用药物组合有"黄芪-白术""黄芪-防风""甘草-茯苓""白术-防风"等,频率较高的药物关联规则有"白术,防风→黄芪""黄芪,防风→白术""枸杞子→甘草""连翘→金银花"等;挖掘得到核心组合12个以及新方6首。【结论】预防感冒多以扶正祛邪为法,三因制宜拟定处方;扶正多用玉屏风散、四君子汤,祛邪多用板蓝根、金银花、连翘疏风清热;亦可采用养血滋阴、疏散风寒等法。由核心组合衍化而成的6首新方,可适用于不同的目标人群,为感冒的预防用药提供了参考。

Objective To explore the medication rules of patent Chinese herbal compound prescription for preventing cold. Methods The traditional Chinese herbal compound prescriptions for preventing cold were collected from the National Patent Database,and then the related prescription data were inputted into Microsoft Excel and the Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System(TCMISS)(V2.5). The herbal medication frequency was counted and the herbal combinations and association rules were statistically analyzed to extract the inner core herbal combinations and new candidate prescriptions. Results A total of 68 prescriptions involving 232 Chinese herbs have been included. The herbs with a high medication frequency include Radix Glycyrrhizae(Gancao), Flos Lonicerae(Jinyinhua), Radix Astragali(Huangqi), Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae(Baizhu),Radix Saposhnikoviae(Fangfeng),Poria(Fuling),Radix Isatidis(Banlangen),etc.. The commonlyused herbal combinations include “Huangqi-Baizhu”,“Huangqi-Fangfeng”,“Gancao-Fuling”,“BaizhuFangfeng”etc. The frequently used herbal association rules with high frequency are “Baizhu, Fangfeng →Huangqi”,“Huangqi, Fangfeng → Baizhu”,“Fructus Lycii(Gouqizi)→ Gancao”,“Fructus Forsythiae(Lianqiao)→ Jinyinhua”,etc.. A total of 12 core herbal combinations and 6 new candidate prescriptions were obtained. Conclusion For the prevention of cold,the method of supporting healthy qi to eliminate pathogens is frequently used,and the prescriptions should be established following the principles of adapting to the climate,individuality, and environment. Yupingfeng Powder and Sijunzi Decoction are frequently used for supporting healthly qi,while Banlangen,Jinyinhua and Lianqiao are often used for eliminating pathogens by dispelling wind and clearing heat. Moreover,the methods of nourishing blood to nourish yin,and dispelling wind and dispersing cold are also used. The six new candidate prescriptions derived from the core herbal combination can be applied to different target populations,which can provide reference for the medication of cold prevention.