格物与人格化:《闲情偶寄》种植部艺术特色

“Gewu”and“personification”:the artistic characteristics of the planting chapter in Essays on Health Preservation

《闲情偶寄》种植部中的花草书写是李渔格物和人格化的产物。“黄杨为木之君子,非稍能格物之笠翁,孰知之哉?”李渔自道格物说尽其秘密,他或亲历种植、或细玩、或欲证、或尝观,找准笔下植物的自然物性和独特的本质属性,观草木以识“理”;同时又将其人格化,“予谈草木,辄以人喻”,或赋花以人格,或赋人以花格,“观树即所以观身”,在草木中识“人”、识“己”,借花草完成了自己对世间人、事的理解和阐述。

The writing of flowers and plants in the planting chapter of Essays on Health Preservation is the product of Li Yu′s“gewu”(meaning investigation into nature)and“personification”.“Buxus Microphylla is a gentleman of wood,but he is not a master of things.Who knows what he knows?”Li Yu said to himself.He either planted,or played,or wanted to prove,or tasted,to find out the natural properties and unique essential properties of the plants in his works and know the philosophy by observing them.At the same time,he also“personified”them,“often using people as metaphors when talking about plants and trees”,or giving plants and trees a personality,or giving people a pattern of flowers,“observing trees is therefore observing the himself”,and in plants,recognizing“people”and“oneself”,borrow flowers and plants to complete their understanding and expoundating of the world and things.