中国英语学习者语音在线加工中的音系映射效应

L1-L2 Phonological Mapping Effects on Chinese EFL Learners’ Phonological Processing

本文采用了自定步速听力—图画验证的实验范式,以二语经验不同的中国英语学习者为受试,从语音意识和语音解码着手,考察了汉英元音音系映射类型对二语语音在线加工的影响。结果显示:(1)学习者的语音意识和语音解码均受到音系映射类型的影响;(2)丰富的二语经验可制约音系映射效应,使解码能力达到本族语者水平,语音意识仍与本族语者有明显差距,但克服了相关溢出效应;(3)学习者的语音和语义加工交互作用显著。本研究认为受母语表意文字的影响,学习者的语义表征活跃性高于语音表征,前者对二语经验的刺激更加敏感,一语和二语语音范畴因二语经验影响呈现共享分布式非对称关系,基于此,本研究提出了中国学习者的二语语音表征和加工机制。

By using a self-paced listening plus picture verification task and taking Chinese learners with different L2 experience as participants,the present study investigates the effects of L1-L2 phonological mapping on their phonological on-line processing from the perspective of phonological awareness and word decoding.The results show that phonological mapping effects are detected both in phonological awareness and word decoding;learners with adequate L2 experience can contain these effects to develop a native-like decoding capability but their phonological awareness is still weaker than native speakers’ despite the fact that the related spillover effects are overcome;the interactions between learners’ semantic and phonological processing are robust.Thus,the study argues that given that Chinese characters are a form of ideograph,semantic representations are more active than phonological representations,so the former are more sensitive to the stimuli of L2 experience and L1 and L2 phonological categories are organized in a shared distributed asymmetrical pattern,based on which Chinese learners’ L2 phonological representation and processing mechanism are proposed.