魔芋葡甘聚糖涂膜处理对采后胶状鳞伞菌保鲜效果的影响

Effect of Konjac Glucomannan Coating Treatment on Fresh-Keeping Effect of Postharvest Colloidal Scale Umbrella Fungus

为了有效提高采后胶状鳞伞菌的贮藏品质和保鲜度,延长鲜菇货架期,为胶状鳞伞菌采后贮运保鲜提供理论依据。本研究以胶状鳞伞菌为实验材料,研究了(4±1)℃避光贮藏条件下,0.25%、0.50%、0.75%和1.00%四种不同质量浓度的魔芋葡甘聚糖(KGM)溶液涂膜保鲜对采后25 d内胶状鳞伞菌保鲜效果的影响。结果表明,各处理浓度均对胶状鳞伞菌保鲜效果有一定提升,其中0.75%浓度以上的KGM涂膜可有效减少胶状鳞伞菌采后贮藏期内水分的蒸发,抑制呼吸强度的上升,进而减缓质量的损失,同时还能有效抑制丙二醛(MDA)含量的上升,维持较高的菌体硬度和胶着性,其中1.00%浓度保鲜效果最佳;在营养品质方面,1.00%浓度处理可以有效减少可溶性糖含量的下降,各组对可溶蛋白质含量的降解影响不明显;感官方面,0.75%以上浓度处理时能使菌体保持较好色泽、形态、气味和产品度。综上所述,考虑其实际生产成本等因素,采用0.75%以上浓度的KGM涂膜对胶状鳞伞菌保鲜效果较好,可作为提高胶状鳞伞菌采后延长保鲜时间和贮藏品质的适宜处理条件。

In order to effectively improve the storage quality and freshness of postharvest colloidal scale umbrella fungus,prolong the shelf life of fresh mushrooms,and provide a theoretical basis for postharvest storage,transportation and freshness of colloidal phosphorus umbrella bacteria.The effects of konjac glucomannan(KGM)solution with different mass concentrations of 0.25%,0.50%,0.75%and 1.00%on the fresh-keeping effect of colloidal scale umbrella fungus within 25 days after harvest were studied.The results showed that each treatment concentration could improve the freshkeeping effect of colloidal scale umbrella fungus.KGM coating with concentration above 0.75%could effectively reduce the evaporation of water during postharvest storage,inhibit the increase of respiratory intensity,and then slow down the loss of quality.At the same time,it could also effectively inhibit the increase of malondialdehyde(MDA)content and maintain high cell hardness and adhesion.Among them,1.00%fresh-keeping effect was the best.In terms of nutritional quality,1.00%concentration treatment could effectively reduce the decline of soluble sugar content,and each group had no obvious effect on the degradation of soluble protein content.In terms of sensory,when the concentration was more than 0.75%,the bacteria could maintain good color,shape,smell and product degree.In conclusion,considering the actual production cost and other factors,KGM coating with a concentration of more than 0.75%had a good effect on the preservation of colloidal phosphorus umbrella bacteria,which could be used as a suitable treatment condition to improve the preservation time and storage quality of colloidal phosphorus umbrella bacteria after harvest.