批判与超越“休谟问题”:《反杜林论》的解读及其当代价值

Criticizing and Transcending"Hume's Problem":Interpretation of Anti-Duhring and Its Contemporary Value

被称为马克思主义百科全书的《反杜林论》,在坚持辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义世界观与方法论的基础上,完成了对伦理学维度“休谟问题”的批判与超越,它明确了伦理道德根源于社会物质生产方式,并在事实领域论述了何为资本主义生产方式之后,揭露了资本主义社会的固有矛盾与资本主义经济危机的必然性,进而阐明了实现共产主义与人类解放的价值诉求,成功跨越了事实与价值之间的鸿沟。这种批判与超越在新时代社会主义建设与完善过程中具有重要的现实意义。

Known as the Encyclopedia of Marxism,Anti-Duhring,on the basis of adhering to the dialectical materialism and historical materialism world outlook and methodology,has completed the criticism and transcendence of the ethical dimension"Hume's Problem".It clarified that ethics and morality were rooted in the social material production method.After discussing what is the capitalist mode of production in the field of facts,it exposed the inherent contradictions of capitalist society and the inevitability of capitalist economic crisis,and then clarified the realization of Communism and human liberation.It successfully bridged the gap between Facts and Values.Such criticism and transcendence had important practical significance in the process of socialist construction and improvement in the new era.