实现中国“双碳”目标 水利行业可以做什么

What can the water sector do to achieve China’s dual carbon target

2020年9月中国国家主席习近平在第75届联合国大会代表中国政府郑重承诺,中国将力争于2030年前达到碳排放峰值,努力争取2060年前实现碳中和(简称“双碳”目标)。为什么要加快实现“双碳”目标?如何实现“双碳”目标?水利行业在实现“双碳”目标过程中可以做出什么贡献?文章对上述问题进行了深入论述。由于温室气体过度排放造成全球气候变暖,大气、海洋和陆地系统等均发生明显变化,对人类生存和自然系统可持续发展形成巨大挑战。受气候变化影响,中国在水安全、自然灾害防御、公共健康和粮食安全等方面受到严重挑战。水资源与气候变化紧密相关,应对气候变化,水利行业应该从加快水电开发、加强抽水蓄能电站建设、发展绿色小水电、开发利用地热资源等方面,为实现“双碳”目标做出贡献。

Chinese President Xi Jinping pledged on behalf of the Chinese government at the UN General Assembly’s seventy-fifth session that China is making goals of having CO_(2) emissions peak before 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality by 2060(the‘dual carbon goals’).Why is it essential to achieve the dual carbon goals?How could the goals be achieved?And what contribution could the water sector make to the goals?This paper makes an in-depth discussion.Due to greenhouse gas emissions that lead to a warming climate,it’s unequivocal that substantial changes have taken place in earth’s atmosphere,ocean and terrestrial systems,which poses a dire challenge to human existence and ecological sustainability.Under global climate change,China is also challenged in its water security,natural disaster control,public health and food security.As water is closely related to climate change,to mitigate the risks,the water sector could contribute to the‘dual carbon goals’through promoting hydropower,developing pumped storage hydropower,improving small hydropower,and exploiting geothermal energy.