尼妥珠单抗联合同步放化疗治疗食管癌的疗效和毒副反应分析

Analysis of the Curative Effect and Side Effects of Nimotuzumab Combined with Concurrent Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy in the Treatment of Esophageal Cancer

目的探究尼妥珠单抗联合同步放化疗对晚期非手术的食管癌患者的毒副反应和疗效情况。方法收集2018年1月—2020年12月在泰州市人民医院诊治的晚期非手术食管癌患者70例,根据患者选择治疗方式分组,选择尼妥珠单抗联合同步放化疗的患者为观察组,选择同步放化疗的患者35例为对照组。比较两组患者的肿瘤标记物改善、近期疗效和不良反应的发生情况。结果治疗后两组患者血小板反应蛋白1(TSP1)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)水平均有所改善,但观察组与对照组相比,TSP1的量更高且VEGF水平更低,差异有统计学意义(t=4.879、2.829,P<0.05)。观察组有效率(88.57%)要比对照组(60.00%)明显更高,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.479, P<0.05)。两组均有各种不良反应发生,对其分级后重点将两组2级以上不良反应的发生情况进行对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论同步放化疗联合尼妥珠单抗可在不增加毒副作用的基础上,更有效治疗非手术的晚期食管癌患者,值得临床进一步探讨分析。

Objective To explore the side effects and curative effect of nimotuzumab combined with concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy on patients with advanced non-surgical esophageal cancer. Methods A total of 70 patients with advanced non-surgical esophageal cancer who were diagnosed and treated in Taizhou People’s Hospital from January 2018 to December 2020 were collected and grouped according to the treatment options of the patients.The patients who selected nimotuzumab combined with concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy were selected as the observation group, and 35 patients who selected concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy were selected as the control group. The improvement of tumor markers, short-term efficacy and occurrence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups of patients. Results After treatment, the levels of thrombospondin 1(TSP1) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) of the two groups of patients improved, but the observation group had a higher amount of TSP1 and a lower VEGF level compared with the control group. The difference was statistically significant(t=4.879,2.829, P <0.05). The effective rate of the observation group(88.57%) was significantly higher than the control group(60.00%), and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=7.479, P<0.05). Various adverse reactions occurred in the two groups. After grading, the incidence of adverse reactions above grade 2 between the two groups was compared, and the difference was not statistically significant(P >0.05). Conclusion Concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy combined with nimotuzumab can more effectively treat non-surgical patients with advanced esophageal cancer without increasing side effects. It is worthy of further clinical investigation and analysis.