基于政策工具的我国中小学劳动教育政策文本研究

A Textual Research on Labor Education Policy in Primary and Secondary Schools Based on Policy Tools

在豪利特和拉米什政策工具分类理论指导下,研究通过对我国33份中小学劳动教育政策文本进行编码分析,从国家能力和政策子系统复杂程度两个方面对不同时期的政策工具选择特点进行研究。研究发现,改革开放以来我国中小学劳动教育政策工具选择整体上具有重视教育倡导、注重多方参与、政府与学校相互协调的特点;依照政策工具的选择偏好,可划分为劳动思想教育与劳动技能教育并重、劳动教育融入综合实践活动、新时期的劳动教育三个阶段;政策研究工具的工具属性、政策问题、政策目标和政策环境分别是影响中小学劳动教育政策工具选择的前提要素、主要依据、重要参照与现实基础。

Under the guidance of Howlett and Ramish’s policy tool classification theory,the study uses a coding analysis of 33 primary and secondary labor education policy texts and selects the characteristics of policy tools in different periods from the two aspects of national capacity and the complexity of policy subsystems.discuss in depth.Since the reform and opening up,the selection of labor education policy tools in primary and secondary schools has the characteristics of emphasizing education advocacy,multiparty participation,and coordination between the government and schools;according to the preference of policy tools,it can be divided into labor ideological education and labor skills education,labor Education is integrated into the three stages of comprehensive practical activities and labor education in the new era.The research also puts forward that tool attributes,policy issues,policy goals,and policy environment are the prerequisite elements,main basis,important reference,and realistic basis for the selection of labor education policy tools in primary and secondary schools.