“上”作为框架卫星语素在表征不同宏事件的结构中词汇意义扩展的历时研究

A Diachronic Study on Lexical Meaning Extensionsof the Framing Satellite “Shang” in StructuresRepresenting Macro-events

本研究基于CCL语料库古代汉语语料和BCC语料库现代汉语语料中“走上”的实例,从历时角度探究了“上”作为框架卫星语素在动趋式结构“走上”表征运动、体相、状态变化、行为相关、实现这五类宏事件中,其词汇意义的扩展途径。研究发现,“上”在古代汉语和现代汉语中相关词汇意义扩展途径既有空间域内部的扩展,又有从空间域到时间域、路程域、状态域、结果域等其他概念域的隐喻扩展;在词汇意义扩展的过程中,其语法化程度逐渐增强,这也为宏事件假说提供了佐证。

Based on the usage of“zoushang”(go up)in ancient Chinese sub-corpus in the CCL corpus and the modern Chinese sub-corpus in the BCC corpus,this study explores the approaches of lexical meaning extension of the framing satellite morpheme“shang”(up)in this“verb+directional complement”structure in representing five different types of macro-events,i.e.,motion,temporal contouring,change of state,action correlating,and realization.It is found that the extension of the meaning of“shang”(up)in ancient Chinese and modern Chinese includes not only the extension of meaning within the spatial domain,but also the metaphorical extension from the spatial domain to other conceptual domains such as time domain,distance domain,state domain and result domain.In the process of lexical meaning extension,the degree of grammaticalization increases gradually,which also provides evidence for the Macro-event Hypothesis.