条约功能视阈下负面清单范围解释机制之研究——兼评RCEP相关条款的完善方向

The Interpretation Mechanism of the Scope of Negative List under the Functions of Treaty:Along with the Proposals for the Improvement of Some RCEP Provisions

随着条约功能理论自"可信承诺"逐步转向"焦点协调",国际投资条约的"非正式解决投资争端"之重要性愈发凸显。映射到负面清单上,如何设计缔约国的"协商表达"机制而非完全依赖仲裁庭的"准司法裁决"职能,以灵活软性地解决冲突,将是未来国际经贸实践的关键所在。以RCEP为标志,我国负面清单制度刚跨入正式与国际层面相对接的阶段,应预先留意这一走向并在RCEP后续谈判议程中积极推进以"附件解释条款"为核心、"事前"与"事后"协调模式相衔接的负面清单范围解释体系性机制构建,形成范本经验并推广至其他国际协定,为未来加入CPTPP铺设缓冲带。

As the functions of treaty gradually shift from“credible commitment”to“coordination of focal point”,the significance of“informal resolution of investment disputes”has become increasingly prominent in the international investment treaties.With regard to the negative list,the crux for the future international trade practice will be how to design the“negotiation and expression”mechanism rather than the entire reliance on the“judicial adjudication”function of the arbitration court,so as to solve conflicts in a soft and flexible way.RCEP signals that China’s negative list system has just formally been in line with the international practice.Therefore,with special heed paid to this tendency in advance,it is suggested to actively promote the systematic construction of interpretation mechanism on the scope of negative list in the future RCEP negotiations,which focuses on the“clauses of interpretation of annexes”,and is integrated with the coordinating mode of prior and posterior practices.And such kind of experience can be accumulated as a model for other international agreements,which also facilitates a smooth entry into CPTPP in future.